Delay-tolerant networks (DTNs) are wireless partitioned networks. Because of intermittency, mobile ad hoc network\n(MANET) routing protocols are not efficient in DTNs. Wildlife tracking, vehicular networks, interplanetary networks,\netc. are different applications of DTN. Regarding DTN applications, different parameters should be considered while\ndesigning DTN routing protocols. Message delivery ratio, message delivery delay, overhead, message drop, etc. are\nsome important factors that are usually considered in routing algorithms. This paper proposes a method which tries\nto reduce overhead and message drop while increasing message delivery ratio. Choosing the appropriate number\nof message copies to distribute in the network is important. Few numbers of copies can lead to message drop. So,\nthe message cannot be delivered to the destination. On the other hand, increasing the number of copies causes\noverhead increase in the network. The proposed algorithm uses particle swarm optimization (PSO) in intelligent\nchoosing of number of message copies. Regarding message delivery ratio and network overhead, PSO greatly helps\nin finding the suitable number of copies. In order to evaluate our method, which is called PSODTN, we compared it\nwith epidemic routing (ER) and probabilistic routing protocol using history of encounters and transitivity (PROPHET).\nPSODTN helps to reduce overhead, on average, 95.6% compared to ER and PROPHET. While reducing overhead,\nPSODTN message delivery ratio is on average 98%.
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